--- a/internal/compilers.h
+++ b/internal/compilers.h
@@ -101,4 +101,23 @@
 # define BITFIELD(type, name, size) unsigned int name : size
 #endif
 
+/*
+ * RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT(name, target) gives `target`, a function or variable
+ * defined in the same file, the additional exported name `name`, so that
+ * tools outside the process, such as profilers, can still find it after
+ * libruby is stripped.  Ruby itself keeps using `target`, so its generated
+ * code does not change.  These names are best-effort debugging aids, not an
+ * API, and may change or disappear at any time.
+ */
+#if defined(__linux__) && defined(HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_FUNCTION_ALIAS)
+# define RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT_DECL(decl, target) \
+    extern decl __attribute__((__alias__(STRINGIZE(target)), __visibility__("protected")));
+#else
+# define RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT_DECL(decl, target) /* not supported */
+#endif
+#define RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT(name, target) \
+    RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT_DECL(__typeof__(target) name, target)
+#define RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT_TLS(name, target) \
+    RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT_DECL(RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER __typeof__(target) name, target)
+
 #endif /* INTERNAL_COMPILERS_H */
--- a/symbol.c
+++ b/symbol.c
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@
 rb_symbols_t ruby_global_symbols = {
     .next_id = tNEXT_ID,
 };
+RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT(ruby_debug_global_symbols, ruby_global_symbols)
 
 struct sym_set_static_sym_entry {
     VALUE sym;
--- a/vm.c
+++ b/vm.c
@@ -727,6 +727,7 @@
 
 #ifdef RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER
 RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER rb_execution_context_t *ruby_current_ec;
+RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT_TLS(ruby_debug_current_ec, ruby_current_ec)
 
 #ifdef RUBY_NT_SERIAL
 RB_THREAD_LOCAL_SPECIFIER rb_atomic_t ruby_nt_serial;
@@ -2937,6 +2938,7 @@
     EC_POP_TAG();
     return result;
 }
+RUBY_DEBUG_EXPORT(ruby_debug_vm_exec, vm_exec)
 
 static inline VALUE
 vm_exec_loop(rb_execution_context_t *ec, enum ruby_tag_type state,